Car battery: types and features, how to choose

Car batteries ensure engine start-up and stable operation of electronics. They also smooth out voltage and protect electronics from surges, maintaining stable operation of all vehicle systems. Therefore, it is important to choose this part correctly. Several types of batteries are used, with different characteristics. This part varies in electrolyte type, capacity, size, technology, and maintenance. Let's look at the main types of car batteries, their features, and important criteria to consider when choosing.

Types of car batteries

Traditional lead-acid (flooded) batteries with liquid electrolyte. They need to be regularly serviced, checked, and refilled with electrolyte. Features:

• Simple design and low cost.
• These batteries require regular maintenance.
• They are more sensitive to deep discharges.

Sealed lead-acid batteries (AGM and Gel) with a closed design. AGM batteries with glass fiber mats to retain electrolyte. They do not require maintenance or electrolyte refilling.

Features of AGM batteries:

• They are not damaged by vibrations and deep discharges.
• AGM batteries do not require maintenance.
• They are more expensive than traditional batteries.

Gel batteries contain thickened electrolyte in the form of a gel. They are suitable for use in extreme conditions. Gel batteries have good resistance to deep discharges. They are expensive and sensitive to overcharging.

Lithium-ion batteries are not cheap. They are lighter, have a longer service life, and charge faster. They are mainly used in hybrid and electric cars. Alkaline batteries are rarely installed in cars. However, they are capable of operating in extreme temperatures.

How to choose a car battery

The battery must match the dimensions and mounting type specified by the car's design. The choice of capacity (Ah) depends on the car's requirements. Insufficient capacity can lead to rapid discharge. Other criteria for choosing a car battery:

• Starting current - an indicator of the battery's ability to start the engine in cold weather. The higher the CCA, the easier it is to start the engine in cold weather.
• The location of the positive and negative terminals must be taken into account to avoid connection problems.
• For cars that are used in very cold or hot areas, it is better to choose batteries with improved performance characteristics in such conditions.
• Lithium-ion batteries are suitable for hybrid and electric cars.

A properly selected battery is important for reliable car operation and long service life. Online reviews of different models will help you make your choice, and you can consult with car repair service center employees. Manufacturers' recommendations should also be taken into account.