Pulse voltage stabilizer: how it works and where it is used

Pulse voltage stabilizers normalize the supply of electricity and thus protect household appliances from burning. This equipment is indispensable for the protection of equipment that consumes electricity with a voltage of 1-25 volts. Stabilization device of pulse type differs from conventional linear stabilizers in dimensions. It is more compact, has a high efficiency, soft inclusion, stable to output parameters and easily achieves stabilization. Let's consider the features of devices of the pulse type.

Scope of application of voltage stabilizers

Pulse stabilizers consist of an integrating and regulating nodes. The integrating node accumulates energy to then give it away. The regulating unit supplies current and interrupts this process. At the same time, the regulating node can be in an open or closed state, i.e. it works like a key. As noted above, the pulse stabilizer is most often used in the home to protect devices that need low voltage for operation. Voltage stabilizer is used for such tasks:

• For the operation of radio navigation equipment.
• For uninterrupted operation of low-voltage industrial electronics.
• As a power source for digital systems.
• To protect modern TVs equipped with LCD displays.

Principle of operation of the voltage stabilizer

When the power grid is closed - closing the regulating element, the device begins to accumulate electricity in the integrating node. An increase in voltage occurs. Then the key opens and the electricity is given to the consumer, while the voltage decreases. Thanks to this simple way of functioning, electricity can be consumed economically. The design of the integrating unit includes a battery, a choke and a capacitor. The regulating element includes transistors and thyristors. To date, pulse stabilizers are represented by two types: with a Schmitt trigger and pulse-width modulation.

Features of pulse-width modulation stabilizers

Pulse-width modulation stabilizers consist of a modulator, generator and amplifier. The operation of such devices is influenced by the pulse width and voltage (its value) at the input. The principle of operation is simple: when the key is opened, the energy is transferred to the load and the amplifier is connected to the work. The task of the amplifier is to compare the voltage values in order to determine the difference and apply the gain to the modulator. Pulse-width modulation stabilizers are widely used in households and industry. They are used to stabilize and regulate current or voltage in power supplies, converters, welders, chargers, etc.

Stabilizers with Schmitt trigger

The design of stabilizers with Schmidt trigger includes a minimum number of elements. The basis is a trigger with a comparator, which compares the value of the output voltage with the allowable voltage. If the mains voltage has exceeded the maximum allowable voltage, the key is opened and the trigger is switched to the zero position. As soon as the voltage is stabilized, the trigger switches to the first position, the key opens and the current flows to the integrator.

Pulse stabilizers can vary in design. There are also models that arbitrarily change the voltage, inverting, two-position and working on the basis of pulse-width modulation. Although such devices are more comfortable in operation than linear, due to the compactness and rapid achievement of stabilization. But they have some disadvantages. One of them is a rather complicated repair. When breaking the elements of the stabilizer or when it needs to be adjusted, it is recommended to turn to professionals.