Well to water: types and features, what the customer needs to know

A well for water - one of the advantageous solutions for arrangement of the household in a private home. This is a good option when the centralized water supply is unavailable, or you want to be independent of it. The quality of tap water is often poor, there are interruptions in water supply, the cost of services rises. Deep wells allow you to produce clean mineralized water and get an autonomous supply, do not depend on utility companies.

Types of water wells

Wells for water come in these types:

• Sand water wells - drilled on sandy soil to a depth of 40-50 m. They are equipped with stainless steel pipes and filters, so that they do not get clogged with sand. Water is supplied by a pump. If the depth is shallow, silt may form. Periodic cleaning is required. Service life is 10 to 20 years. Minus - short-lived, impurities and pollution can appear in the water.
• Artesian wells for water - drilled in lime rock to a depth of 100-150 m. Such sources do not get harmful substances from the outside. Water in them does not silt up, cleaning is not required. The construction of one pipe serves up to 30 years, of two - up to 50 years. Minus - drilling and installation of the system is expensive.
• Abyssinian well or well Norton is a shallow well up to 12 m. It is not drilled, but punched. It is cheaper because you do not need to use a drilling rig. The water from such a well may contain harmful impurities. It is not suitable for drinking and cooking.

There are different ways of arrangement of water wells:

• Wells for water with a cap - the cheapest, but the flow of water is not regulated by the tap. Suitable for water use in the summer.
• Wells for water with an adapter - suitable for wells to a depth of 50 m. Can also be used in winter. Automation control is placed in the house.
• Wells for water with a caisson - the most expensive option, but the most convenient and durable.

What you need to know

From the type of drilling largely depends on the quality and cost of the well:

• Percussion-channel method - slow, but cheap. Suitable for shallow wells.
• Auger - performed with a small drill rig. Medium cost. This is the most popular method of drilling wells.
• Rotary - drills even large rocks and hard rock to a depth of up to 200 m. This is an expensive method, but the fastest.

How to choose a place under the well:

• In a diameter of 4 meters around the well, there should not be any buildings.
• Within a radius of 300 m should not be located industrial facilities, landfills, cemeteries.
• A vegetable garden, which is treated with chemicals or fertilizers, should be further 20 meters from the well.

If the well is shallow - up to 5 meters, there is a risk that the liquid contains harmful impurities. Often it is technical water, suitable for watering gardens and vegetable gardens. Such water is most suitable for cooking: 

• Artesian water, extracted from a depth of more than 100 meters. This is the best option.
• Groundwater extracted from a depth of 5-10 meters. You need to monitor the quality regularly.
• Interbedded non-pressurized water extracted from 10-100 m depth. As a rule, this is good water, there are rarely any problems with it.

In what amount will cost a well, depends not only on the method of drilling, but also on what elements of the system are used. Steel pipe is more expensive, PVC products vary in thickness, which also affects the price. Specialists help you choose the most appropriate design of equipment and type of material according to the characteristics of the soil and the pressure that will be applied to the pipes.