Vibratory plate: what it is and how it works

The vibratory plate has only one task - to compact the ground. But despite the narrowness of the function, this equipment is indispensable for a wide range of tasks. With its help a lot is compacted - from various embankments to paving slabs. Let's look at the features of this equipment.

Purpose and principle of operation of a vibratory plate

The term vibratory plate refers to a special hand tool used for compacting and compaction of loose materials. The dimensions of the product make it convenient to work on a small site or in conditions of inaccessible pavement. The main task of the vibratory plate is to exclude the subsidence of the foundation, paving slabs and new asphalt pavement. Concrete mixers, trowels and vibratory plates are indispensable equipment in road construction, construction of monolithic structures, etc.

The principle of the vibratory plate is to vibrate the pavement using a special eccentric unit attached to the plate itself. A number of eccentrics are positioned so that the direction can be reversed during rotation. This allows you to adjust the direction of oscillation. Simply put, the device can operate in three modes:

1. In place.
2. Progressive.
3. Forward and backward.

A special lever located in the control panel is responsible for adjusting the stroke. The power unit is attached by means of pins to the base, which provides the necessary mode of operation of mechanisms. In addition, shock absorbers are installed into the mechanism which dampen the vibration in relation to the upper part of the installation. After starting the motor, the centrifugal clutch engages in the process and transmits the rotation to the vibration mechanism. The clutch is not involved only at low engine speeds, due to which there is the possibility of starting in idle mode. Engine speed is adjusted with the gas pedal lever, and most work is done at maximum rpm to prevent slippage.

Types of vibratory plates

The construction equipment market offers many varieties of vibratory plates. However, the main distinction is made by the type of power unit power supply:

• Gasoline motors - a universal option, which has a high coefficient of performance and affordable price. The main advantage is independence from the mains and connections, respectively.
• Diesel motors - in general, have the same advantages as gasoline engines, but are more specialized because of the fuel consumption. The diesel unit provides economy - the consumption of diesel fuel is an order of magnitude lower in comparison with the «competitor».
• Electric motors - run on electricity, which makes them the most affordable and versatile. The most striking example of this is the ability to work in an enclosed space. The main disadvantage - a stable power grid is required, and the power system is designed for wired connection.

Also important is the criterion of weight, according to which the following division takes place:

1. Up to 90 kg. Small vibratory plates are designed for domestic and agricultural purposes, as well as the arrangement of courtyard areas in residential complexes.
2. In the light category includes products weighing up to 200 kg. Their purpose range includes laying asphalt and compaction of soil with large stones and gravel.
3. The medium equipment includes devices weighing up to half a ton. The characteristics of this group allow you to increase the density of soil and asphalt in a large layer.
4. Anything above 500 kg is classified as heavy equipment required for heavy compaction. Although it is possible to operate by one person, it is difficult in practice.