Spinal disc protrusion: what it is, symptoms, prevention

Intervertebral disc protrusion is the wear and tear of tissues, as a result of which they increase in size and go beyond their natural position. Because of this, nearby nerves are affected and pain occurs. The mobility of the spine is reduced. Let's consider how disc protrusion is formed, what are the symptoms and what prevention is done.

How spinal disk protrusion occurs

Destruction and deterioration of intervertebral disc tissues takes place in such stages:

• The inner part of the disc increases in size and protrudes toward the fibrous ring.
• When the enlarged pulposus nucleus is still located in the fibrous ring, but has already entered the spinal canal - this is a protrusion.
• When the fibrous ring is damaged and the tissue extends beyond its limits, a herniated disc is diagnosed.

Depending on the location, a protrusion can be lateral, that is, located in the lateral part of the spine. Posterior lateral protrusions are most common. Bulging of the disc occurs backward and laterally with respect to the spinal column. In this case, there is an intense impact on the roots of the nerve pathways. If the protrusion is directed to the center of the spinal cord channel, there are no acute symptoms and pain. With posterior protrusions, the disc bulge affects the sections of the spinal cord and nerve roots, which are responsible for sensitivity and motor skills of the legs and pelvic organs.

Symptoms of spinal disc protrusion

When there is destruction of the intervertebral disc tissue, pressure increases in this area. Numerous nerve roots coming out of the spine are affected. From them go nerves to various areas of the body, to the extremities. There is a very small space in the cerebral canal. When a protrusion occurs, the roots of the nervous system are compressed. This causes symptoms such as:

• Back pain.
• Weakness and numbness in the muscles.
• Sciatica in the lumbar and sacral region.
• Tingling and numbness in the arms or legs.
• Stiffness of tissues.

Symptoms of intervertebral disk protrusion differ depending on its location. If the violation occurs in the neck area, the shoulders may hurt. Protrusion in the lumbar region is often manifested by weakness in the legs.

Prevention of intervertebral disc protrusion

To reduce the likelihood of the formation of intervertebral disc protrusion, follow these recommendations:

• In coordination with the doctor, perform regular physical exercises that improve blood circulation in the spine area, strengthen muscles, but do not cause a large load.
• Reduce weight to the level of normal.
• Try to avoid excessive loads on the spine, properly lift weights.
• Work on proper posture.
• Avoid bad habits: alcohol abuse, smoking and others.
• Make a balanced diet to get enough substances needed to repair and restore the tissues of spinal discs.

If discomfort, back pain or numbness in the extremities, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible. He will conduct an examination to determine the cause. If a protrusion is found, the doctor will prescribe treatment.